Epirubicin hydrochloride is a semisynthetic L-arabino derivative of doxorubicin that inhibits Topoisomerase, DNA/RNA synthesis, and Foxp3, reducing regulatory T cell activity. A stereoisomer of doxorubicin, it undergoes β-glucuronidation, mitigating dose-limiting side effects. It is cytotoxic to HeLa cells (ID50 = 9 μM) and has shown efficacy alone or in combination therapies across various cancers, including breast, ovarian, lymphoma, pancreatic, gastric, and colorectal cancers.
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