Ceramides with 2-hydroxy fatty acids (hFAs) are found in the nervous system, skin, kidneys, and tumors, playing roles in cell adhesion, signaling, and membrane trafficking. Their synthesis requires the enzyme FA2H, with mutations linked to neurological disorders. In the epidermis, hFA-sphingolipids are crucial for the permeability barrier, membrane stability, and cell cycle regulation. They also contribute to the action of antitumor drugs.
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